Hi sjrose, if you change the SATA controller mode to something different (other than AHCI in this case) it is expected that you will receive a Blue Screen of Death because the operating system was installed in such mode (AHCI). The operating system needs to be reinstalled after such setting is changed in BIOS.
However, it may not be necessary to do so. Can you provide more information about the system’s brand and model? Is it possible to test the Intel® SSD in a different system? Did you try updating the Intel® SSD firmware or system’s BIOS?